Civilian perceptions of peacekeepers are a critical yet underutilized factor in the effectiveness of protection of civilians (POC) mandates. While peacekeeping missions are often assessed through mandate design and force posture, far less attention is paid to how communities themselves perceive peacekeepers’ conduct, legitimacy, and use of force.

This issue brief by Linnéa Gelot and Prabin B. Khadka draws on original survey data from more than 3,000 respondents in South Sudan and Somalia to examine how trust in peacekeepers shapes civilian demand for peacekeeping presence. The authors explore how patrol frequency, expectations around the use of force, and adherence to norms of conduct influence civilian perceptions.

The findings highlight that civilian support for peace operations cannot be assumed. Trust depends not only on presence but also on behavior, restraint, and perceived legitimacy. Integrating civilian perception data into mission planning can strengthen operational decision-making, improve POC outcomes, and support more context-sensitive peace operations